Understanding Joints
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These days, many coaches (myself included) are talking about utilizing methods that spare the joints while maximizing muscle recruitment. I personally call this concept Joint Friendly Training.
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The concept of Joint Friendly Training (JFT) is extremely important for all fitness trainers and sports coaches to understand and utilize. That said, in order for you to understand how to spare the joints, you must understand some fundamental concepts about how joints function.
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What is good Joint function?
All joints are- - Avascular - Highly viscoelastic - Well suited for compressive loading - Thrive with activity -Designed to function at mid-range - Get nutrition from compressive loads (avascular) -Therefore must regularly move through a full ROM . To elaborate on these bullet points above, joints are designed to move and NEED to be moved on a regular basis to get nutrition and stay mobile and strong. That said, the only time you should not move is due to injury or a limitation. In other words, telling a healthy athlete to never move a specific part of his or her body goes against the design of the joints. Plus, regularly not moving a part(s) of your body, doesn’t do much to improve sports performance as most sports require dynamic movement and force transfer. - Contrary to common belief, Joints do not wear out simply by normal use. In fact, joints get healthier when you use them by developing thicker and healthier cartilage in response to good use (aka – mechanically sound movement). - However, joints DO wear out as a byproduct of disuse. This is precisely why we need to train – to prevent disuse by practicing and strengthening optimal movement patterns. -It’s All About Force!
- We know that the human body MUST move to improve. In other words, WE NEED FORCE! -The Problem!
- The trouble is, we know force can also cause injury. Whether it be from repetitive stress or dealing with a high load – force can hurt us. -The Solution!
- The solution to this force conundrum is simple!… Find each individuals limits. - As trainers and S&C Coaches, it’s our job to to use whatever is within our skill sets of assessments and screening to find the optimal loading zone for each individual. -
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Put simply, we need to create enough stress to keep tissues healthy but not enough to make it break down. As the brilliant Hans Selye says “ we need stress, without distress”
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Unfortunately, because many of us have different backgrounds, experiences, work settings and approaches to training. We debate about the specific measures that should be taken in order to minimize risk and maximize benefit. In other words, the debate is how we each interpret stress vs. distress. This is where the entire lumbar flexion good or bad debate stems from.
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Additionally, because joints can function at end range, but are designed to primarily function at mid-range. We must train predominantly within the mid-range in order to truly be joint friendly. Any exercise that loads end ranges should be considered more risky than one performed at mid-range.
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